The TwinGEO Layers
Digital twins do not appear instantly.
They evolve through progressive layers of maturity.
TwinGEO defines four layers that structure this evolution:
Layer 1 — Assets
Reliable digital representations of the real world:
- terrain models
- cadastral units
- infrastructure geometry
- BIM components
- network systems
This layer answers:
What exists, where is it, and how is it structured?
Layer 2 — Process & Time
Assets become part of real workflows:
- design stages
- construction sequencing
- 4D and 5D planning
- scenario evaluation
- lifecycle processes
This layer answers:
How does the system evolve through time?
Layer 3 — Monitoring & Reality
The twin connects with what actually happens:
- remote sensing
- reality capture
- sensor feedback
- GIS updates
- performance tracking
This layer answers:
What is changing, and how does reality compare to the plan?
Layer 4 — Digital Twin Systems
Integration for decision-making:
- predictive scenarios
- risk evaluation
- optimization
- operational support
- governance and control
This layer answers:
How do we decide and act based on an integrated system?
TwinGEO is built around one principle:
Digital Twins are not models — they are systems of systems.